Journal of Women Interdisciplinary Researches

Abstract Domestic violence is considered one of the major health issues affecting individuals. Today, preventing this issue and managing cases of domestic violence have become a significant health priority worldwide. The aim of this study is to examine the interventions carried out and global experiences in preventing domestic violence and to evaluate their effectiveness.This study is a qualitative-descriptive review conducted through a systematic search of articles in reputable databases using relevant English and Persian keywords. The interventions related to domestic violence and their effectiveness were analyzed.Some interventions in the field of domestic violence in various countries focus on affected individuals, particularly women and children, and include strategies such as education, gaining support, and psychological counseling and therapy for at-risk individuals. Other interventions target healthcare system staff and support organizations to train and empower them in identifying and managing cases of domestic violence.Empowering healthcare workers for screening, diagnosing, and managing domestic violence cases, as well as educating individuals about the underlying factors contributing to violence, developing communication and coping skills, and choosing appropriate alternative behaviors in violent situations, can be significant steps in preventing or reducing domestic violence. These findings are consistent with many studies conducted in various countries.

Abstract According to the data published by various demographic organizations, the fertility rate is decreasing in many countries of the world, including in Iran. This can be due to several reasons. Despite this, the cultural transformations during the last few decades, among other changes, stand out the most. The growth of individualism and humanistic thoughts, changes in beliefs and attitudes, the growth of secularism, transformation in family values, and reformation are among the most important developments related to fertility. The purpose of this research is to study the effective factors in fertility in the individual, family and social spheres and to explain a model for the family in the field of fertility based on reliable evidence and relying on religious teachings. Therefore, the research method in this study is qualitative and analytical. The research results showed that there is a significant relationship between the variables of individualism, modernization, religiosity, secularism and family values in families and fertility; In this sense, the higher the level of commitment to the religious beliefs of the family, the lower the levels of secularism and individualism, and the higher the level of attention to family values, the higher the fertility rate in those families. In the meantime, modernization and its consequences on the family and especially on women have contributed greatly to changing attitudes. Therefore, the most important principle is the change in attitude, belief, value and action at the three levels of the individual, family and society. Attitudes are formed over time and a transformational process, and then they become beliefs and values and finally actions, and once they are formed, it is simply not possible to change them, therefore, effective measures must be formed in this field.

Abstract The present study aimed to compare irrational beliefs, self-concept, and spiritual well-being in divorced and normal women. This research was causal-comparative. The statistical population was all divorced women covered by the welfare organization and ordinary women of Shiraz city. The sample group consisted of 120 people in two groups (60 divorced women and 60 normal women). The available sampling method was used to determine the sample size in the group of divorced women. The purposeful method was used for normal women to compare the group of normal women with divorced women. Jones' irrational beliefs questionnaire, Rogers' self-concept questionnaire, Polotzin's and Ellison's spiritual well-being questionnaire, were analyzed. The collected data were evaluated at two levels (descriptive statistics and inferential statistics). At the level of statistics, mean and standard deviation were used, and at the level of inferential statistics, multivariate analysis of variance has used. The result showed that there is a significant difference between irrational beliefs, self-concept, and spiritual well-being in divorced and normal women. Irrational beliefs in women with a history of divorce are higher than in normal women, and the mean of self-concept variables and spiritual well-being in women with a history of divorce is lower than in normal women. The average of irrational beliefs and their dimensions (including helplessness against change, the expectation of approval from others, problem avoidance, and emotional irresponsibility) are higher in women with a history of divorce than in normal women. There is a significant difference between self-concept in women with a history of divorce and normal women. The average spiritual well-being and its dimensions (existential health and religious health) are lower in women with a history of divorce than in normal women. Based on the results, on the need to pay attention to the irrational beliefs of self-concept and spiritual well-being, it is suggested that these structures be implemented in pre-marriage training classes to prevent the occurrence of problems and increase people's awareness of the role of these variables in joint life.

Abstract The role of women in preventing the spread of deviant social behaviors is regarded as one of the fundamental components in promoting the cultural and moral well-being of society. The present study, conducted with the aim of examining the theoretical, historical, and practical dimensions of this role from the perspective of religious teachings, employed a qualitative, review–analytical method to analyze Islamic sources, previous studies, and propose practical strategies. At the outset, the concept of social deviance and the factors contributing to its emergence were clarified from the viewpoints of sociology, psychology, and religious studies. Subsequently, through the examination of religious foundations and concepts—such as the role of women in nurturing future generations, their social functions, and their position in Islam—the capacities of women in the prevention of social harms were analyzed. The review of domestic and international studies revealed that strengthening religious beliefs, family support, and the active social participation of women have a significant impact in reducing deviant behaviors such as violence, addiction, family disintegration, and youth identity crises. Furthermore, by investigating exemplary figures from Islamic history such as Lady Fatimah, Lady Zaynab, and contemporary intellectual women, the effective agency of women in managing moral and social crises was underscored. In the final section, strategies were proposed on three levels—educational, cultural, and institutional—that may strengthen the role of women in curbing social deviance. The findings conclude that women, in the religious framework, are not only the cornerstone of family stability but also active agents of social transformation. Therefore, the purposeful utilization of women’s intellectual, moral, and educational capacities offers an effective pathway in preventing the spread of social harms in society.

Abstract Vaginismus is one of the most common sexual disorders among women and has a significant impact on women and couples. The present review article was aimed at investigating the etiology, consequences, and treatments of Vaginismus from a psychological perspective. The current study was a systematic review. Relevant keywords such as vaginismus psychology, vaginismus disorder, genital pain/ penetration disorder, etc. have been searched and extracted in Springer, Science Direct, PubMed, SID, Magiran, Noormags, and Civilica database from 1940 to 2021. By reviewing the related articles, it was conducted that genital pain/ penetration disorder is the most common disorder among women. This disorder has an important impact on the quality of sexual intercourse as well as couples’ mental health. It can be concluded that changing the way of thinking, parenting and cultural building is very important. Furthermore, proper education about sex and preparing the educational content and related tools for adolescence boys and girls can be functional.

Abstract In Islam, the preservation of family life holds great significance, to the extent that the Sacred Lawgiver has precisely defined the rights and duties of each spouse to ensure the well-being of the family. The legislator, likewise, has enacted various laws to safeguard the stability and continuity of the family, emphasizing the creation of a family-centered society and the strengthening of family foundations based on religious teachings, with the family serving as a focal point in laws and regulations. Accordingly, based on the circumstances surrounding the issuance of narrations related to the application of the principle of prohibition of harm (la darar), certain criteria derived from hadiths can be identified as standards for determining harm in the family sphere. Any transgression of these criteria can lead to fundamental challenges within the family.The necessity of this study lies in the fact that during the processes of family formation, continuation, and dissolution, and in light of the contexts of narrations concerning the la darar principle, certain behaviors may constitute harm within the family. This necessitates a review of existing laws and the enactment of new legislation in this regard. From the perspective of dynamic jurisprudence and the influence of time and place on ijtihad, these issues can be reexamined with a fresh approach.Using a descriptive-analytical method, this study concludes that, based on the contexts of the narrations, a number of strong and logical criteria can be extracted from hadiths and narrations—such as the obligation to preserve the privacy and security of the family, prevention of moral or spiritual harm to family members, maintaining confidentiality within the family environment, avoiding financial deprivation of women or imposing financial burdens on them in exchange for agreeing to divorce, observing financial fairness among heirs, and ensuring the emotional and financial support of parents for children. These criteria can serve as the basis for new legal rulings and help prevent harmful behaviors within the family sphere.