Journal of Women Interdisciplinary Researches

Abstract The aim of the present study was to compare happiness, social interest, and emotion dysregulation in female-headed and non-female-headed households. This study employed a causal-comparative design. The statistical population included all female heads of households who referred to the Welfare Organization of Tabriz in 2023. The sample consisted of 100 individuals (50 female heads of households and 50 non-female-headed women) selected through purposive sampling. The participants were assessed using the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (1989), Alizadeh’s Social Interest Questionnaire (2020), and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale by Gratz and Roemer (2004). Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and independent t-tests. The results showed significant differences between female-headed and non-female-headed women in terms of happiness and its components (life satisfaction, positive affect, health, efficiency, self-esteem) (P < 0.001), social interest and its components (caring for others, responsibility, courage, self-acceptance) (P < 0.001), and emotion dysregulation (P < 0.001). Based on the findings, it can be concluded that female heads of households experience lower levels of happiness and social interest and higher levels of emotion dysregulation compared to non-female-headed women.

Abstract The purpose of this research was to compare the five dimensions of personality, body image and self-esteem in women applying for cosmetic surgery and non-applicants. The research method was causal-comparative. The statistical population was made up of all women applying for cosmetic surgery referring to private beauty centers in Tabriz city in 1402 (Shamsi Calendar). The statistical sample consisted of 100 women, with 50 applying for cosmetic surgery and 50 non-applicants. They were selected using purposive sampling method for compare with the target group and were assessed using the Five-Factor of Neo Costa and McCree Questionnaire (1992), the Multidimensional Body-Self Relationship Questionnaire (1997) and Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale Questionnaire (1965).  In order to analyze the data, Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) test was used. The hypotheses test revealed that there is no significant difference between the women applying for cosmetic surgery and non-applicants in terms of the five dimensions of personality and its components (neuroticism, extroversion, openness to experience) (p>0.05), but there is a significant difference between the dimensions of agreeableness and conscientiousness ( p<0.001). Additionally, no significant difference was found in the variable of body image and its components (importance to others, responsibility, courage, self-acceptance) (p>0.05) or in self-esteem and its components (p>0.05). Based on the results,  it can be said that women applying for cosmetic surgery do not differ from non-applicating women in terms of the five dimensions of personality, body image and self-esteem.

Abstract This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of narrative therapy on weight self-stigma and the psychological well-being of women with obesity. This research method employed was semi-experimental with a pretest-posttest and follow-up with a control group design. The statistical population of the study included all women with obesity visiting specialists and clinics for obesity and nutrition in Tabriz in 1402 (Shamsi). In total, 30 participants were selected through convenience sampling and randomly divided into two groups: experimental and control (15 people each). The experimental group received specialized therapy in 8 sessions lasting 1.5 hours each, while the control group did not receive any treatment. Both groups responded the Lilis & et al's weight self-stigma and Goldberg's general health questionnaires before, after, and 3 months after the intervention. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that compared to the control group at the post-test, narrative therapy caused a decrease in weight self-stigma and an increase in psychological health. The effects of narrative therapy on weight self-stigma and psychological well-being remained stable at the follow-up stage. Narrative therapy likely contributes to improving weight self-stigma and psychological well-being in women with obesity.

Abstract The aim of this study was to compare perceived stress, sense of coherence and adherence to treatment in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The research method was causal-comparative. The statistical population consisted of all patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Tabriz city in 2023 (1402 in Shamsi Calendar) who were members of the diabetes association of this city. The statistical sample included 100 patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, 50 women with type 1 diabetes and 50 women with type 2 diabetes. Participants were selected using a purposeful sampling method, and the data were collected using Cohen's Perceived Stress Scale (1983), Felsenberg's Sense of Coherence Scale (2006), and Madanlo's Adherence to Treatment Questionnaire for Chronic Diseases (2013). To analyze the data, the multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) test was used. The analysis of the research hypotheses indicated that here was no significant difference between patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in terms of perceived stress and its components (perceived self-efficacy and perceived helplessness) (P>0.05), sense of coherence and its components (comprehensibility [ability to understand], management ability and meaningfulness) (P>0.05) and adherence to treatment and its components (interest in treatment, willingness to participate in treatment, ability to adapt, integration of treatment with life, adherence to treatment, commitment to treatment and hesitation in implementation treatment) (P>0.05). According to the obtained results, it can be said that the amount of perceived stress, sense of coherence and adherence to treatment is the same in both groups of patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Abstract The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on sleep quality & aggression in girls with premenstrual dysphoric syndrome. This study was semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up with a control group design. The statistical population consisted of female high school students suffering from premenstrual dysphoric symptoms in Tabriz in 2023. A total of 30 participants were selected through the purposive sampling method and randomly divided into two groups (15 people each). Members of the experimental group received their treatment in eight 1.5-hour sessions, while the control group did not receive any treatment. Both groups completed the 19-item Pittsburgh sleep quality and 29-item Bass-Perry Aggression Questionnaire before, after, and four months following the intervention. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. The results showed that ACT significantly increased sleep quality and decreased aggression in girls with premenstrual dysphoric syndrome in the post-test. In the follow-up phase, the effect of this treatment on sleep quality and aggression was lasting. According to the results of the present study, it can be concluded that ACT can potentially enhance sleep quality and reduce aggression in girls with premenstrual dysphoric syndrome.

Abstract This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on sleep quality and psychological health in menopausal women. The research method was a semi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test, and follow-up phases with a control group. The statistical population of the study included all menopausal women referred to health centers in Tabriz in 2023. A total of 30 women were selected through convenient sampling and randomly assigned into two groups (each consisting of 15 participants). The experimental group received ACT in eight 1.5-hour sessions, while the control group received no treatment. Both groups completed the 19-question Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and 28-item Goldberg's general health questionnaires before, after, and 3 months after the intervention. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance & Bonferroni post hoc test. The results indicated that ACT significantly improved sleep quality and psychological health in the post-test phase compared to the control group. These improvements were maintained at the follow-up stage. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy may effectively improve the sleep quality and psychological health of menopausal women.