Journal of Women Interdisciplinary Researches

Abstract The purpose of the present study was to explore the challenges of single mothers' parenting after divorce. This qualitative study used a descriptive phenomenology method, and the statistical population included divorced mothers with children residing in Shiraz in the year 1403 (2024-2025). A total of 22 participants were purposefully selected, and in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted until data saturation was reached. Analysis of the participants' experiences led to the identification of 4 main themes and 36 sub-themes. The main themes included economic challenges, relationship crises, lack of parental alignment in upbringing, and lack of social support. The results indicate the necessity of paying attention to post-divorce parenting and increasing the awareness of divorced parents with children through participation in joint parenting workshops. Additionally, increasing support from social institutions and family-related organizations plays a significant role in reducing the economic problems of single mothers and contributes to improving the mental health of this group, thereby reducing the negative impacts of divorce.The purpose of the present study was to explore the challenges of single mothers' parenting after divorce. This qualitative study used a descriptive phenomenology method, and the statistical population included divorced mothers with children residing in Shiraz in the year 1403 (2024-2025). A total of 22 participants were purposefully selected, and in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted until data saturation was reached. Analysis of the participants' experiences led to the identification of 4 main themes and 36 sub-themes. The main themes included economic challenges, relationship crises, lack of parental alignment in upbringing, and lack of social support. The results indicate the necessity of paying attention to post-divorce parenting and increasing the awareness of divorced parents with children through participation in joint parenting workshops. Additionally, increasing support from social institutions and family-related organizations plays a significant role in reducing the economic problems of single mothers and contributes to improving the mental health of this group, thereby reducing the negative impacts of divorce.

Abstract The present study aimed to investigate the effect of solution-focused counseling on perceived competence and parenting among divorced mothers of schoolchildren. This research is applied in terms of purpose and quasi-experimental in terms of methodology, utilizing a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population consisted of divorced mothers with children in Shiraz, who were randomly selected. The experimental group participated in 10 educational sessions of solution-focused counseling, while the control group received no intervention. The results indicated that solution-focused counseling improved parenting skills, enhanced emotional communication quality, and reduced stress and anxiety among mothers. Furthermore, solution-focused counseling can serve as an effective tool for improving parenting and the quality of mother-child relationships among divorced women, highlighting the importance of psychological and social support during this period. Ultimately, expanding similar counseling programs and promoting continuous educational courses for divorced mothers is recommended to help improve their and their children's living conditions.

Abstract The legislator, by instituting pre-divorce counseling, aimed to address unnecessary divorces under the second chapter of the Family Support Law in 2013. This paper presents a qualitative assessment of the effectiveness of this counseling based on the perspectives of couples who have undergone all stages of pre-divorce counseling. The research methodology employed phenomenology, with thematic analysis is used to analyze the interviews. The fifteen interviewees were residents of Alborz province, selected through purposive sampling. Six main themes emerged from the interview analysis: the provision of necessary solutions by the counselor, fostering compromise and continuity in marital life, seeking legal and social guidance from counselors, the impactful nature of timely counseling, the lack of effectiveness of counseling sessions in fostering compromise, and the drawbacks of the current pre-divorce counseling process. The interviewees generally unanimous in their expectation from the counseling that the counselor can create a compromise between couples, however, their attitudes toward the effectiveness of current counseling indicate dissatisfaction. This lack of satisfaction encompasses different dimensions, including the heavy costs of consultation fees and the lack of government coverage, the inappropriate timing of counseling sessions, some counselors underestimating the importance of family consolidation, and insufficient efforts to mend couples' relationships. Additionally, interviewees noted a lack of adequate expertise and experience among counselors, along with gender biases exhibited by some counselors. This research suggests a revision of the second chapter of the Family Support Law to align with the legislator's goal and eliminate the disadvantages of the current shortcomings, ultimately enhancing the efficacy of mandatory pre-divorce counseling for couples.

Abstract The present study examines the rate of marital conflict index in Iran by secondary analysis of national family survey data in Iran. The results of the Couples Conflict Rate Index in Iran indicate that 15.3% of the total number of married respondents have no conflict with their spouse، 40.7% have low conflict، 26.6% have moderate conflict and 17.5% have high conflict with their spouse. Married people have the least conflict over other issues related to conflict in the type of job and related issues. Among the issues of conflict between couples، the presence of the spouse on time at home with 22.1% and spending time with each other with 21.7، respectively، had the highest percentage of high conflict between couples. Among the existing solutions for resolving the conflict، referring to the judicial authorities and the court has the lowest rate among the solutions for resolving the couple’s conflict، so that (88.8%) of the respondents stated that they do not go to the court and the authorities to resolve the conflict with their spouse. In this regard، 76.5% use a lot of tolerance and 74.5% use a lot of dialogue to resolve the conflict with their spouse، which these two categories had the highest values among the conflict resolution solutions between couples.

Abstract This research aims to compare spiritual health and psychological helplessness in adolescent girls from divorced and nuclear families. The descriptive research method was of a comparative causal type. The statistical population of this research includes all teenage girls in the first secondary school of Shiraz City. There are 80 people in the statistical sample population, 40 girls whose parents are divorced and 40 girls whose parents are not divorced. A statical sample was determined using cluster sampling. Palotzin and Ellison's spiritual health questionnaires and depression, stress, and anxiety questionnaire (DASS-21) were used to collect data. The collected data were analyzed at two levels (descriptive statistics and inferential statistics). Means and standard deviations were used for descriptive statistics and univariate analysis of variance for inferential statistics. The results showed a significant difference between spiritual health and psychological helplessness in teenage girls from divorced and nuclear families; Spiritual health is higher among teenagers whose parents are not divorced. Also, psychological helplessness is more among teenagers whose parents are divorced.

Abstract One of the harms that the local community recognizes is the deterioration of the marital bond and the collapse of the family unit due to divorces, which have many negative consequences in various aspects of human life; concerning divorce consequences, it prevents it from being found of marriage. The Holy Qur'an, as the pure and important source of Islam, has offered beneficial strategies to preserve the family unit and reduce divorces. This study aimed to find the strategies to deal with the center of the collapsing family, which are stated in Surah Al-Talaq; these strategies are into two categories: action, insight, and tendency. In Al-Talaq Surah, the practical strategies are observed, including a specific time limit for divorce, the presence of a woman at her husband's home during the divorce period, a proper separation, and the presence of two just witnesses overseeing the divorce. The strategies of insight and inclination of Surah Al-Talaq are remembrance of God, invitation to piety, divine protection, divine command, belief in the resurrection, learning from the punishment of rebellious human beings of the past, paying attention to the power and knowledge of God.