Journal of Women Interdisciplinary Researches

Abstract Psychological well-being generally refers to a sense of satisfaction, happiness, and the absence of psychological stress in life. Multiple factors contribute to its development, particularly among female-headed households. In recent years, numerous studies have proposed predictive models of psychological well-being based on cognitive abilities; however, the mediating role of resilience, especially in female-headed households, has received less attention. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the fit of a predictive model of psychological well-being based on cognitive abilities, considering the mediating role of resilience among women heading households. This research employed a descriptive-correlational design, and data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The statistical population consisted of all female-headed households covered by the Welfare Organization in Rafsanjan County in 2024, from which 422 participants were selected using a multistage random sampling method. Data collection instruments included the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (2003), Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Questionnaire (1989), and Nejati’s Cognitive Abilities Questionnaire (2013). The analysis indicated that the model fit indices were at an acceptable level. Cognitive abilities had a significant direct and indirect effect on psychological well-being through resilience among female-headed households (p < 0.05).

Abstract The aim of the present study was to compare happiness, social interest, and emotion dysregulation in female-headed and non-female-headed households. This study employed a causal-comparative design. The statistical population included all female heads of households who referred to the Welfare Organization of Tabriz in 2023. The sample consisted of 100 individuals (50 female heads of households and 50 non-female-headed women) selected through purposive sampling. The participants were assessed using the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (1989), Alizadeh’s Social Interest Questionnaire (2020), and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale by Gratz and Roemer (2004). Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and independent t-tests. The results showed significant differences between female-headed and non-female-headed women in terms of happiness and its components (life satisfaction, positive affect, health, efficiency, self-esteem) (P < 0.001), social interest and its components (caring for others, responsibility, courage, self-acceptance) (P < 0.001), and emotion dysregulation (P < 0.001). Based on the findings, it can be concluded that female heads of households experience lower levels of happiness and social interest and higher levels of emotion dysregulation compared to non-female-headed women.