Journal of Women Interdisciplinary Researches

Abstract According to recent statistics, at least 20 percent of men have committed infidelity at least once during their marriage. However, determining the prevalence rate of infidelity in Iran is not possible due to its taboo nature. Despite infidelity being the most painful violation in the marital bond, its prevalence has increased in recent decades. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy on distress tolerance in women affected by infidelity. This research, in terms of its objective, is an applied study, and in terms of its methodology, it is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design without a control group. The data collection tools in this study were the Distress Tolerance Scale by Simmons and Gaher (2005) and the Standard Marital Infidelity Questionnaire by Yenisari and Kokdemir (2006). Based on the study design, the sample consisted of 8 women affected by infidelity, who were purposefully selected according to the research criteria and were placed in the treatment group. They responded to the questionnaires in two stages: pre-test and post-test. Data analysis was conducted using the Pearson correlation coefficient test in SPSS software at two levels: descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The results of this study showed that emotion-focused therapy can significantly reduce emotional distress in women affected by infidelity. Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that emotion-focused therapy is effective in increasing emotional distress tolerance.

Abstract Caregiving is fundamental to human relationships and plays a decisive role in the quality and stability of marital relationships. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of caregiving dimensions in the relationship between sexual satisfaction and sexual desire in women. The research was applied in nature, utilizing a descriptive-correlational method through structural equation modeling. The statistical population consisted of all married women visiting cultural centers in Isfahan from May to June 2024. Based on Kline’s model, 200 participants were selected using convenience sampling, considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. Informed consent was obtained from the selected participants, and they were assured that confidentiality and ethical standards would be upheld regarding the research results. Participants completed the Caregiving Scale by Kunce and Shaver (1994), the Sexual Desire Inventory by Hulbert (1992), and the Hudson Sexual Satisfaction Scale (1992). Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and path analysis with SPSS22 and AMOS software. The results indicated that caregiving dimensions mediate the relationship between sexual satisfaction and sexual desire in women. Additionally, the model demonstrated a good fit (P<0.01). The findings suggest that sexual desire alone cannot fully and directly explain sexual satisfaction, and caregiving, as a sensitive and responsive behavior, acts as a mediator and enhancer of this relationship.

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of leadership skills training on the social empowerment of female student teachers. This research was conducted using a survey method, and data were collected through a questionnaire consisting of two main sections: the first section assessed leadership skills (including communication skills, problem-solving, time management, and classroom management), while the second section evaluated social empowerment (including self-confidence, social participation, and role in decision-making processes). The statistical population consisted of 100 female student teachers from various universities, selected randomly.The findings indicated that leadership skills training had a positive and significant effect on the social empowerment of female student teachers. Specifically, communication and problem-solving skills were more strongly associated with increases in self-confidence and social participation. Additionally, time management and classroom management skills positively influenced their individual capabilities in decisionmaking and fulfilling social roles.Overall, this study highlights the importance of leadership skills training for female student teachers and recommends the integration of such training into teacher education programs.

Abstract Resilience plays an important role in coping with career and marital challenges, so strengthening this characteristic can play a significant role in improving the psychological state and job performance of individuals. Therefore, identifying the predictors of resilience seems essential. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of cognitive flexibility on resilience with the mediating role of marital adjustment in married female nurses. This fundamental study was conducted with a descriptive-analytical approach and a correlation method based on the structural equation model. The statistical population included 400 married female nurses working in health centers and public hospitals in Alborz province, who were selected using a multistage cluster sampling method. The research tools included the Connor and Davidson Resilience Questionnaire, the Dennis and Vander Waal Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire, and the Locke-Wallace Marital Adjustment Scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 and AMOS version 24 software. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Alborz University of Medical Sciences with the ID IR.ABZUMS.REC.1401.297. Participants participated in the study after providing informed consent and the confidentiality of their data was guaranteed. The results showed that cognitive flexibility (r = 0/762) and marital adjustment (r = 0/796) have a positive and significant relationship with resilience at a confidence level of 0/01. Also, the mediating role of marital adjustment in the relationship between cognitive flexibility and resilience was confirmed. The appropriate fit of the data with the conceptual model of the study was confirmed. The findings showed that in order to improve the resilience of married female nurses, it is necessary to pay attention to cognitive, emotional and affective factors. Accordingly, it is suggested that policymakers and health managers design and implement programs to improve these factors.

Abstract Considering the significance of marital interactions in Islam, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between early maladaptive schemas, negative automatic thoughts, and domestic violence with marital disenchantment among housewives in Shiraz, based on an Islamic perspective. The research method was descriptive-correlational using a survey approach. The statistical population consisted of all housewives in Shiraz in the year 2022, from which 384 individuals were selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Early Maladaptive Schemas Questionnaire (Young, 2005), the Negative Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (Hollon & Kendall, 1980), the Domestic Violence Questionnaire (Haj-Yahya, 1999), and the Marital Disenchantment Scale (Pines et al., 2016). Regression analysis results indicated that the three variables explained 22% of the variance in marital disenchantment. Domestic violence (B = 0.32, t = 6.985), early maladaptive schemas (B = 0.25, t = 5.437), and negative automatic thoughts (B = 0.09, t = 2.141) had the highest contributions, respectively. Furthermore, domestic violence mediated the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and negative automatic thoughts with marital disenchantment (p < 0.01). This research indicates that marital disenchantment results from the accumulation of inappropriate cognitive, emotional, and behavioral interactions, and its reduction requires simultaneous attention to both individual factors (such as schemas and negative thoughts) and interpersonal factors (such as violence), within the framework of Islamic principles. Domestic violence plays a dual role in this cycle, acting both as a cause and a consequence of cognitive-emotional interactions, thereby creating a vicious cycle. Emphasizing multilevel interventions from individual therapy to structural changes positions this study as a pioneering work in the field of family mental health.