Investigating the mediating role of cognitive flexibility and cognitive control in the relationship between mindfulness and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in women
Subject Areas : Other related topics
reza
chalmeh
1
(PhD in Educational Psychology, Shiraz University )
fatemeh
abdolahi
2
( M.A in General Psychology, Fatemiyeh Higher Education Institute, Shiraz )
Keywords: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Cognitive Control, Cognitive Flexibility, Mindfulness, Women,
Abstract :
The present study was conducted to investigate a causal model for identifying the prognosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder based on mindfulness, control and cognitive flexibility in women. The present study was a descriptive correlational study in which the assumed relationships between variables were investigated using the path analysis method. In this model, the mindfulness variable was considered as an exogenous variable, and cognitive control and flexibility were considered as mediating variables and symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder as an endogenous variable. The statistical population included all women aged 18 and over living in Shiraz, of which 150 were selected as a sample group by random sampling. The tools used in this study included Yale Brown obsessive-compulsive disorder questionnaires, Freiburg mindset (short form), and cognitive control and flexibility. The results showed that mindfulness predicts the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder inversely and significantly (β = -0.35). Cognitive flexibility (β = -0.24) and cognitive control (β = -0.23) were also negative and significant predictors of obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms. Mindfulness was a positive and significant predictor of cognitive control (β = 0.80) and cognitive flexibility (β = 0.60). Finally, cognitive flexibility and cognitive control were able to mediate the role of exogenous and intrinsic variables. Play a child. Accordingly, mindfulness can reduce the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder by affecting the two variables of cognitive flexibility and cognitive control. Mindfulness predicts the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder inversely and significantly. In addition, cognitive flexibility is a negative and significant predictor of symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder; In addition, both cognitive flexibility and cognitive control variables could play a mediating role between exogenous and endogenous variables. Accordingly, mindfulness can reduce the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder by affecting the two variables of cognitive flexibility and cognitive control.
1- احمدی، ط.، خیراتی، ح.، و غباری بناب، ب. (1398). اثربخشی آموزش مبتنی بر ذهن‌آگاهی بر تنظیم شناختی هیجان و انعطاف‌پذیری شناختی مادران کودکان با ناتوانی‌های یادگیری. توانمندسازی کودکان استثنایی، 10(3), 125-138.
2- اصفهانی، س.، متقی پور، ی.، کامکاری، ک.، ظهیرالدین، م. (1390). پايايی و روايی نسخه فارسی مقياس وسواسی-اجباری ييل-براون. مجله روانپزشکی و روانشناسی بالینی ایران, 17(4), 297-303.
3- بیگدلی، ا.، بادین، م.، صباحی، پ.(۱۳۹۵). مقایسه انعطاف¬پذیری شناختی، نظریه ذهن و حافظه کاری در دانشجویان دارای نشانه¬های وسواسی _جبری و گروه بهنجار. فصلنامه تازه¬های علوم شناخت،18(4)، 24-37.
4- سادوک، ب.ج.، سادوک، و. ا. و روِییتز، پ. (2015). ترجمه رضاعی، ف. (1394). خلاصه روان¬پزشکی: علوم رفتاری/روان-پزشکی بالینی. چاپ یازدهم، انتشارات ارجمند.
5- قاسمی جوبنه، ر.، عرب¬زاده، م.، جلیلی نیکو، س.، محدعلی پور، ز.، و محسن¬زاده، ف. (۱۳۹۴). بررسی روایی و پایایی نسخه فارسی فرم کوتاه پرسش¬نامه ذهن¬آگاهی فرایبورگ. مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان. ۱۴(۲): ۱۳۷- ۱۵۰.
6- علمداری، س.ف.، شریفی، ن. (1397). مقایسه پاسخ¬های بیماران وسواسی با افراد بهنجار در شاخص سبک وسواسی آزمون رورشاخ . اندیشه و رفتار در روان¬شناسی بالینی،12(47):16-7.
7- کبیری¬نسب، ی.، عبداله¬زاده، ح. (1396). اثر آموزش ذهن¬آگاهی مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد، برانعطاف¬پذیری شناختی وتاب-آوری سالمندان شهرستان بهشهر. فصلنامه تازه¬های علوم شناختی، 19(4)، 20-27. .
8- نرماشیری، ع.، همتی¬راد، گ.، عسگری، س.، و سپاه منصور، م. (1398). اثر بخشی آموزش ذهن¬آگاهی بر بهبود تنظیم هیجان و کنترل شناختی در زنان دارای رفتار خوردن آشفته. مجله مطالعات ناتوانی.
9- Araste.M.(2008). Study of mental health status and its related factors among high school teachers in cities of Sanandaj and Bijar. Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences . 12(4): 53‐ 62 [Persian].
10- Botvinick, M., & Braver, T. (2015). Motivation and cognitive control: from behavior to neural mechanism. Annual review of psychology, 66.
11- Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2003). The benefits of being present: mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of personality and social psychology, 84(4), 822.
12- Buchheld N, Grossman P, Wallach H. )2001(. Measuring mindfulness in insight meditation (Vipassana) and meditation-based psychotherapy: The development of the Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI). JMMR .1: 11–34.
13- Burton, N. W., Pakenham, K. I., & Brown, W. J. (2010). Feasibility and effectiveness of psychosocial resilience training: a pilot study of the READY program. Psychology, health & medicine, 15(3), 266-277.
14- Calkins, A. W., Berman, N. C., Wilhelm, S. (2013). Recent advances in research on cognition and emotion in OCD: A review. Current Psychiatry Reports, 15(5): 357.
15- Cartwright, K. B., Coppage, E. A., Lane, A. B., Singleton, T., Marshall, T. R., & Bentivegna, C. (2017). Cognitive flexibility deficits in children with specific reading comprehension difficulties. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 50, 33-44.
16- Dajani, D. R., and Uddin, L. Q. (2015). Demystifying cognitive flexibility: control of emotion. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1251, E1–E24. doi: 10.1111/j.1749
17- Deacon, B. J., & Abramowitz, J. S. (2005). The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale: factor analysis, construct validity, and suggestions for refinement. Journal of anxiety disorders, 19(5), 573-585.
18- Díaz-Blancat, G., García-Prieto, J., Maestú, F., and Barceló, F. (2018). Fast neural dynamics of proactive cognitive control in a task-switching analogue of the Wisconsin card sorting test. Brain Topogr. 31, 407–418.
19- Eisen JL, Phillips KA, Baer L, Beer DA, Atala KD, Rasmussen SA. )1998). The brown assessment of beliefs scale: reliability and validity. Am J Psychiatry; 155(1): 102-8.
20- Fineberg, N. A., Hengartner, M. P., Bergbaum, C. E., Gale, T. M., Gamma, A., Ajdacic-Gross, V., ... & Angst, J. (2013). A prospective population-based cohort study of the prevalence, incidence and impact of obsessive-compulsive symptomatology. International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 17(3), 170-178.
21- Fullana, M. À., Mataix‐Cols, D., Trujillo, J. L., Caseras, X., Serrano, F., Alonso, P., ... & Torrubia, R. (2004). Personality characteristics in obsessive‐compulsive disorder and individuals with subclinical obsessive‐compulsive problems. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 43(4), 387-398.
22- Gabrys, R. L., Tabri, N., Anisman, H., & Matheson, K. (2018). Cognitive control and flexibility in the context of stress and depressive symptoms: The cognitive control and flexibility questionnaire. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 2219.
23- Gläscher, J., Adolphs, R., Damasio, H., Bechara, A., Rudrauf, D., Calamia, M., ... & Tranel, D. (2012). Lesion mapping of cognitive control and value-based decision making in the prefrontal cortex. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(36), 14681-14686.
24- Goodman, W. K., Price, L. H., Rasmussen, S. A., Mazure, C., Delgado, P., Heninger, G. R., & Charney, D. S. (1989). The yale-brown obsessive compulsive scale: II. Validity. Archives of general psychiatry, 46(11), 1012-1016.
25- Gotlib, I. H., & Joormann, J. (2010). Cognition and depression: current status and future directions. Annual review of clinical psychology, 6, 285-312.
26- Hawley, L. L., Rector, N. A., DaSilva, A., Laposa, J. M., & Richter, M. A. (2021). Technology supported mindfulness for obsessive compulsive disorder: Self-reported mindfulness and EEG correlates of mind wandering. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 136, 103757.
27- Hofmann, W., Schmeichel, B. J., and Baddeley, A. D. (2012). Executive functionsand self-regulation. Trends Cogn. Sci. 16, 174–180.
28- Hutchison, R. M., and Morton, J. B. (2016). It’s a matter of time: reframing the development of cognitive control as a modification of the brain’s temporal dynamics. Dev. Cogn. Neurosci. 18, 70–77.
29- Ionescu, T.(2012). Exploring the nature of cognitive flexibility. New Ideas Psychol. 30, 190–200.
30- Kabat – zinn, J. (2005). Full catastrophe living: using the wisdom of your body and mind to face stress, pain, and ilness, New York: Delta trade paperback
31- kabat zinn, J. (2003). Mindfulness. Based intervention in context: post, present, and future. Clinical psychology : science and practice, 10, 144-156.
32- Mackie, M. A., Van Dam, N. T., and Fan, J. (2013). Cognitive control and attentional functions. Brain Cogn. 82, 301–312.
33- Malinowski, P., & Lim, H. J. (2015). Mindfulness at work: Positive affect, hope, and optimism mediate the relationship between dispositional mindfulness, work engagement, and well-being. Mindfulness, 6(6), 1250-1262.
34- Moore, Adam; Malinowski, Peter (2009). "Mediation, mindfulness, and cognitive flexibility". Consciousness and Cognition. 18(1): 176–186.
35- Morton, J. B., Ezekiel, F., & Wilk, H. A. (2011). Cognitive control: Easy to identify but hard to define. Topics in Cognitive Science, 3(2), 212-216.
36- Wolff, N., Buse, J., Tost, J., Roessner, V., & Beste, C. (2017). Modulations of cognitive flexibility in obsessive compulsive disorder reflect dysfunctions of perceptual categorization. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58(8), 939-949.
37- Olfson, M., Marcus, S. C., Druss, B., Elinson, L., Tanielian, T., & Pincus, H. A. (2002). National trends in the outpatient treatment of depression. Jama, 287(2), 203-209.
38- Payne, J. W., Payne, J. W., Bettman, J. R., & Johnson, E. J. (1993). The adaptive decision maker. Cambridge university press.
39- Rosa-Alcázar, A. I., Rosa-Alcázar, Á., Martínez-Esparza, I. C., Storch, E. A., & Olivares-Olivares, P. J. (2021). Response Inhibition, Cognitive Flexibility and Working Memory in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Social Anxiety Disorder. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(7), 3642..
40- Sadeghi, Masoud; Fazlollah Mirdrikvand and Sirus Moradi Zadeh. (2018). Evaluation and comparison of personality type, social support and cognitive flexibility in cardiac and healthy patients. Journal of Lorestan University of Medical Sciences. 20(2). 41-52.
41- Segal, z, v, Williams J. M. G, Teasdale, j. D. (2003) mindfulness- bassed cognitive theraoy for depression : A new approach to.apreventing relapse. new york : Guilford press.
42- Tangney, J. P., Baumeister, R. F., & Boone, A. L. (2004). High self‐control predicts good adjustment, less pathology, better grades, and interpersonal success. Journal of personality, 72(2), 271-324.
43- Thompson, B. L., Twohig, M. P., & Luoma, J. B. (2021). Psychological flexibility as shared process of change in acceptance and commitment therapy and exposure and response prevention for obsessive-compulsive disorder: A single case design study. Behavior therapy, 52(2), 286-297.
44- Vivan, A. D. S., Rodrigues, L., Wendt, G., Bicca, M. G., Braga, D. T., & Cordioli, A. V. (2014). Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and obsessive-compulsive disorder in adolescents: a population-based study. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, 36(2), 111-118.
45- Vivas, D. C., Felipe-Castano. E., & Leon, B. (2019). Emotinal processing and personality as predictors of obsessive-compulsive symptoms in college students. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 22, 1-8.
46- Walach, H., Buchheld, N., Buttenmüller, V., Kleinknecht, N., & Schmidt, S. (2006). Measuring mindfulness—the Freiburg mindfulness inventory (FMI). Personality and individual differences, 40(8), 1543-1555.
47- Walsh . M. (2021). CPQ Neurology and Psychology . 3: 6 Research Article.
48- Zong J-G, Cao X-Y, Cao Y, Shi Y-F, Wang Y-N, Yan C, et al. (2010). Coping flexibility in college students with depressive symptoms. Health Qual life Outcom;8(1):1.