Journal of Women Interdisciplinary Researches

Abstract Tensions and conflicts in family relationships are among the significant social issues that have been examined from various perspectives. However, men's experiences of family tensions and the role of women in these conflicts have received less research attention, particularly in the cultural context of Iran, where traditional gender roles influence family dynamics. This study aims to explore different aspects of the relationship between emotional divorce and family tensions among married individuals residing in Tehran. This research is a survey-based correlational study that investigates the association between emotional divorce and men's experiences of family conflicts. The statistical population consists of all married men in Tehran in 2020. Using Cochran's sampling formula, 372 married men were selected through a multistage cluster sampling method. The findings indicate a significant relationship between certain individual variables, such as education level and occupation type, and the level of family tensions experienced by men, while no significant relationship was found with income. Moreover, the multiple correlation coefficient (R=0/757) suggests a strong relationship between the independent variables and family tensions. The adjusted coefficient of determination (0/564) further indicates that more than 50% of the variations in the dependent variable (family tensions) can be explained by the independent variables, including emotional divorce, cognitive divorce, behavioral divorce, and the socioeconomic status of both the individual and their spouse. The results of this study highlight that family conflicts are multidimensional phenomena influenced by individual characteristics and reciprocal interactions between men and women. Therefore, informed policymaking in family law should aim to promote a deeper understanding of the mutual roles in these conflicts. Additionally, raising public awareness about the various aspects of this issue and reducing social barriers to addressing and resolving these conflicts can contribute to improved family interactions and help mitigate negative consequences.

Abstract The present study aims to compare the effectiveness of community-based therapy and emotion-focused therapy on increasing distress tolerance and reducing suicidal ideation in Kurdish women. This study is applied in terms of its objective and  quasi-experimental in terms of data collection. The statistical population of the study included all women with marital problems in Kurdistan Province in 2023 (1402 in the Shamsi Calendar) who had marital issues and suicidal thoughts or suicide attempts, totaling 150 individuals. From this population, 45 individuals were selected using a convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and a control group, with 15 participants in each. Initially, all participants completed the Distress Tolerance Scale (Simons & Gaher, 2005) and the Beck Suicide Ideation Scale (Beck, 1976). One experimental group underwent 10 sessions of community-based therapy, while the other received 8 sessions of emotion-focused therapy. The control group did not receive any intervention. After the intervention, all participants completed the research instruments again. To analyze the data, multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) and univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were used. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 23. Therefore, implementing community-based life reconstruction training and emotion-focused therapy protocols can lead to increased distress tolerance and reduced suicidal ideation in Kurdish women.

Abstract Can folk knowledge and women in rural communities serve as catalysts, significantly contributing to achievement of sustainable development, or conversely, delay this process? The present study, as a "short report article," aims to examine and clarify the role of women and folk knowledge in sustainable rural development by investigating the economic conditions, employment, and agricultural products in 30 villages of South Khorasan Province. Drawing on Durkheim's theory of the division of labor—offering a distinctive perspective that contrasts with the principles of modernization theory in explaining developmental barriers—this study adopts a qualitative approach. Data were collected through document-based, using content analysis as the primary technique. Findings from studies conducted in these villages reveal a meaningful relationship between folk knowledge and sustainable rural development, as well as the significant role of women. Durkheim’s theoretical classification of societies demonstrates the progression of communities rather than the backwardness of primitive societies as an obstacle to any form of development.

Abstract The aim of this study was to compare perceived stress, sense of coherence and adherence to treatment in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The research method was causal-comparative. The statistical population consisted of all patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Tabriz city in 2023 (1402 in Shamsi Calendar) who were members of the diabetes association of this city. The statistical sample included 100 patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, 50 women with type 1 diabetes and 50 women with type 2 diabetes. Participants were selected using a purposeful sampling method, and the data were collected using Cohen's Perceived Stress Scale (1983), Felsenberg's Sense of Coherence Scale (2006), and Madanlo's Adherence to Treatment Questionnaire for Chronic Diseases (2013). To analyze the data, the multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) test was used. The analysis of the research hypotheses indicated that here was no significant difference between patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in terms of perceived stress and its components (perceived self-efficacy and perceived helplessness) (P>0.05), sense of coherence and its components (comprehensibility [ability to understand], management ability and meaningfulness) (P>0.05) and adherence to treatment and its components (interest in treatment, willingness to participate in treatment, ability to adapt, integration of treatment with life, adherence to treatment, commitment to treatment and hesitation in implementation treatment) (P>0.05). According to the obtained results, it can be said that the amount of perceived stress, sense of coherence and adherence to treatment is the same in both groups of patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of emotional intelligence training on social phobia and the feeling of popularity in female employees. This study was conducted as quasi-experimental research with a pre-test, post-test design including a control group. The statistical population of the study included all female employees of the Education Department in Zahak County during the 2021-2022 academic year. A sample of 40 individuals was selected using purposive cluster sampling and randomly assigned to the experimental group (20 participants) and the control group (20 participants). Both groups completed the Bar-On Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire, the Connor Social Phobia Questionnaire, and the Arani and Pariad Popularity Feeling Questionnaire in both the pre-test and post-test phases. During the intervention, the experimental group underwent eight 90-minute sessions of emotional intelligence training, conducted twice a week. Data analysis revealed that emotional intelligence training significantly reduced the mean social phobia scores and increased the mean popularity scores in the experimental group compared to the control group. Based on the results, it can be concluded that emotional intelligence training is effective in enhancing the feeling of popularity and reducing social phobia in female employees.

Abstract This review article explores the complex relationship between women, lifestyle, and prayer in Islam, with special emphasis on incorporating psychological perspectives. The purpose of this research is to comprehensively examine the mechanisms through which prayer affects the lives of Muslim women and its impact on their lifestyle and overall health during the Coronavirus period. This study is a comprehensive analysis of Persian articles using reliable internal databases and Iran's official news organizations. The present review includes Persian keywords such as "women, lifestyle, prayer, narrative review, psychological perspectives, Islam." The inclusion criteria included clinical, experimental, cross-sectional, review, and hypotheses related to women and the Islamic lifestyle. Exclusion criteria included the presence of duplicate or inappropriate content in the publications that did not match the relevant topic. The findings of this narrative research show the important role that prayer plays in the lives of Muslim women. Prayer acts as a practice that strengthens social bonds and fosters inner peace under challenging circumstances such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Prayer facilitates relaxation, introspection, and emotional support, thereby enhancing women's well-being and performance as a strategy for managing stress, anxiety, and resilience while enhancing mindfulness and self-control. In addition, it examines the impact of prayer on women's lives through its impact on daily routines, moral behavior, and social relationships, and provides direction and perspective for personal development.